BOC Sciences can perform lysine conjugation in antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) development. Scientists from BOC Sciences are able to provide ADC suitable for commercial, low-cost and large-scale production, based on a thorough understanding of your individual needs.
A humanized antibody contains 80 to 90 lysins, so modification of partial lysine has no effect on the natural disulfide bond, nor does it significantly change the stability, biophysical properties, or affinity of the antibody. However, through lysine conjugation, each antibody will be coupled with 0~8 small molecule drugs, and the location of the coupling may occur on nearly 40 different lysine residues on the light and heavy chains of the antibody, and more than 1 million ADCs will be generated. When a small molecule of a drug is anchored to a monoclonal antibody's lysine by a covalent bond, the ADC is able to control the number of small molecule drugs in the chain.
An example of a disulfide-containing ADC is the attachment of DM1 or DM4 to an immunoglobulin. It is transported to the lysosome by vesicle transport by endocytosis of the antigen, and the monoclonal antibody is degraded to provide a lysine derivative linked to a small molecule drug. Further changes in the cell, such as the disulfide linkage, are broken by the exchange of disulfide bonds, and finally the thiol may be methylated by methyltransferase to form a potent derivative of DM1 or DM4. These methylated drugs can penetrate the cell membrane to exert a broader effect. The drug not only kills cells from the inside, but also kills nearby cells that do not express antigen.